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Reverse Bias Diode Circuit
Can someone please explain to me about Diodes?
If you are working with a circuit which has a diode in it and trying to find the voltage and current how can you tell if the diode is in forward bias or reverse bias? whether its on or off? whether its conductiong or not? and and if you assume one of these how can you tell if your assumption is right or if its wrong?
thanks
Diodes are just one-way valves for electricity. The diode will conduct any time the voltage is higher on the anode than on the cathode (the side with the band).
Another way of testing it is if you put a meter across the diode, if the red lead is on the anode and the black lead is on the cathode and the meter is reading a positive number, the diode is conducting.
As always, though, no electronic component is perfect and there are a few nuances to how diodes work. One property of diodes is that they always drop a little voltage. Typical diodes drop about 0.7 volts, but there are some better ones, called Schottky diodes, that drop about 0.3 volts.
Another nuance is the avalanche voltage. Diodes will normally block all voltage that is applied backwards, but they have limitations. If the voltage is too high, the diode will suddenly conduct. This will normally blow the diode, but some diodes, such as Zener diodes and Avalanche diodes are designed to work this way. Zener diodes are specifically rated to work this way, so they are sometimes put into circuits backwards in order to guarantee that current flows any time the voltage rises beyond a certain point.
As a piece of trivia, a zener diode with a forward voltage drop of 0.7 volts (which is normal) and an avalanche voltage of 0.7 volts (which is terrible) will work the same if it's used forward or backward in the circuit.
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what does a forward biased or a reversed biased diode do in a circuit?
When a small voltage is applied to the diode in the forward direction, current flows easily. Because the diode has a certain amount of resistance, the voltage will drop slightly as current flows through the diode. A typical diode causes a voltage drop of about 0.6 - 1V (VF) (In the case of silicon diode, almost 0.6V)
This voltage drop needs to be taken into consideration in a circuit which uses many diodes in series. Also, the amount of current passing through the diodes must be considered.
When voltage is applied in the reverse direction through a diode, the diode will have a great resistance to current flow.
Different diodes have different characteristics when reverse-biased. A given diode should be selected depending on how it will be used in the circuit.The current that will flow through a diode biased in the reverse direction will vary from several mA to just µA, which is very small.
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