December 30th, 2008
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Rectifier Diode In4004
Rectifier Diode In4004
Bridge rectifier, transformer vibrates and gets hot?


I have a 120v-36v transformer hooked up to a bridge rectifier composed of 4x IN4004 diodes, 2 filter capacitors and a 100k resistor paralleling them as a bleeder resistor. The rectifier puts out the full 50v DC I expect it to, but at the same time the transformer faintly vibrates (you can only really tell if you touch it), and over time it gets quite hot. Why is this? I have checked over my connections quite a few times and I am 99.9% sure its all connected properly.
Well the transformer is quite old, it came from a 25 watt guitar amp from the 80s. When it was in the amp, it never got this hot or vibrated, and was (obviously) putting out at least 25 watts. Right now the only "load" on it is the 100k bleeder resistor, and it isnt even dissipating a single watt!

Since you are getting the correct voltage from the transformer+rectifier+filter, the most likely reason the transformer is heating is that it is has been designed with the least amount of wire that can possibly do the job, and thus the resistive losses are fairly high in the primary winding (the winding connected to 120 V). If you will be drawing a lot of power from the supply, you should ensure adequate ventilation for the transformer for cooling. Most transformers have a strap that can be mounted to a metal case to help dissipate some of the waste heat. If the excess heat is a problem, you might consider upgrading to a higher wattage transformer. Be sure to check the output voltage under load - it won't be nearly as high as when there is no load connected.

The vibration may be due to low quality lamination in the metal transformer core, or loose windings, or both. (The transformer core is made up of thin strips of iron that are insulated from each other, usually with a thin lacquer coating. Quality transformer cores will be very tightly laminated.) The vibration/noise is consistent with the apparent low quality of the transformer, but should not be a problem.



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100 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V 100 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V Paypal US $2.98 8d 11h 8m
120 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V 120 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V Paypal US $7.99 29d 1h 9m
110 PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V 110 PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V Paypal US $8.99 29d 1h 20m
2200PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V 2200PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V Paypal US $125.99 29d 1h 22m
3000 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V 3000 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V Paypal US $139.99 29d 1h 12m
100 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V 100 PCS 1N4004 IN4004 DO-41 Rectifier Diode 1 Amp 400V Paypal US $4.86 2d 11h 38m
100 X 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (IN4004 1N 4004) 1N4004T 100 X 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (IN4004 1N 4004) 1N4004T Paypal US $13.95 6d 14h 57m
50 PCS IN4004 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (manufacturer--diodes inc) 50 PCS IN4004 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (manufacturer--diodes inc) Paypal US $3.00 2d 23h 19m
100 PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V 100 PCS M4 1N4004 IN4004 DO-214 Rectifier Diode 1A 400V Paypal US $6.49 2d 11h 36m
approx 2000 X 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (IN4004 1N 4004) 1N4004T approx 2000 X 1N4004 Rectifier Diode (IN4004 1N 4004) 1N4004T Paypal US $15.00 21h 18m
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