The book is an introduction to programming in general, including object-oriented programming and generic programming. It is also a solid introduction to the C++ programming language, one of the most widely used languages for real-world software. The book
Underlying the emergence of the field of "collective intelligence," as it is termed by Segaran (a director of software development at Genstruct, a computational biology company), is the huge set of data available on the Internet that can provide potential insights into user experience, marketing, personal tastes, and human behavior in general. He provides guidance on writing Python programs and underlying algorithms for analyzing and understanding data, as well as advice on how to gather data from one`s own websites and the websites of others. Chapters cover collaborative filtering, discovering groups through clustering, searching and ranking, optimization, Bayesian document filtering, modeling with decision trees, building price models, advanced classification with kernel methods and support-vector machines, non-negative matrix factorization, and genetic programming. Annotation )2007 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
This book will begin with an introduction to the Razor syntax, where/how it fits in to the Web Matrix and ASP.NET MVC platforms, and how to effectively leverage the syntax on those platforms. It will continue to dive deeper, espousing some best practices and useful sample code for the Web Matrix and ASP.NET MVC platforms. Finally, the book will examine the underlying APIs themselves (which are separate from the syntax discussed previously), explain how the Razor API works, and show how to extend the API with custom functionality, even in non-web scenarios.
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Test Setup.MOV
Geometry: An Archetypal Form of Communication
The Picture of Sound
Years ago I noticed an uncanny correlation between mantras and mandalas. A mandala is the picture or symbol of an event or focus of worship, such as the Star of Bethlehem, and a mantra is a sound usually intoned for centering and contact such as ohm. When Handel wrote his classical Messiah, it was to celebrate the birth and life of Christ. When the hallelujah chorus is sung, a perfect five pointed star or Star of Bethlehem is produced. Did Handel knowingly create the music for this purpose? I don't believe so. Still, somehow he tapped into a form, a geometry, and intuited music that represented the geometry.
Geometry and Sound
My interest in this correspondence between the early pictorial interpretations of sound patterns and frequencies led me into a long and continuing research project. Just how often does sound correspond with form? Is there a sound to the DNA molecule? Could sound be generated from the geometry? In other words, could some mathematical method yield a geometry of creation?
For most, geometry is a boring subject studied in High School. For others, it is the sacred path to the Ultimate. For still others, it is a science that when applied outside of the realm of pure abstraction (mathematical theory) is both predictive and creative. That is, through the use of geometry, functional forces can be directed such as geomagnetic or electro-magnetic fields.
Geometry is the stuff of Pythagoras, Hermes, Thoth, and so many more mystical thinkers that it is hard to overlook. In every spiritual tradition, there is a path written in geometry. The Sufi, in their dance, the Hebrew in their Cabbalah, the Egyptian in their structures and sciences, the Greek in their brotherhoods, philosophy and universities, the Rosicrucian, the Mason, the Hindu, the Native American, and on and on all honor and employ geometry both as a science and a mystical path. Is it possible that a true archetype of a universal nature begins in geometry itself? In other words, is geometry the archetype?
Cymatics is the study of the sound of geometry (see my book, Subliminal Communication, p60-61). Early researchers used a stylus vibrating across a turn-table covered with fine sand to picture sound. The stylus was sensitive to frequency and signal strength. Thus, when a sound was played, the turn-table turned and the stylus vibrated. The result, a picture in sand. This method was laborious and time consuming, but it worked.
The Universe is kind and patient. For me, due to my interest in this work, the chore was made much easier. Today I have a remarkable device in my studio that is essentially a rotating arm full of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs are sensitive to frequency and signal strength. They are colorized across the spectrum to coincide with frequency length. As such, when I put a sound into the spinning light-bar, a color motion picture results. The continuous geometry of sound in real time.
Over the past five years, using this rotating light-bar, I have witnessed the math of the DNA helix, generated in sound through a special software program, reproduce the geometry of the helix on my light-bar. Indeed, using many of the rates from Radionic research, I have seen what I believe to be the organic geometry of cells, tissue, organs, and more--but save all this for another issue.
Geometry of Creation
Back to the point at hand, geometry appears to be not only an aspect of science and mysticism, but an archetype with the power of what might be called a morphogenic field. Biologists believe that morphogenic fields define the characteristics of species and species differentiation. In straight forward terms, it is the morphogenic field that accounts for why an acorn always becomes an oak.
The accomplished behavioral scientist, Carl Jung, is generally credited for the modern notion of archetypes. An archetype is an essential image that universally communicates without linguistic need. Dream images are often thought of as having representative meanings universal to all. These images are referred to as archetypes.
Archetypal imagery is powerful. It pulls at some level of consciousness in ways that are meaningful but usually difficult to describe in words. Geometrical archetypes exist everywhere and I am frankly puzzled as to why this is yet a basically unexplored area of science.
Let's digress a little at this point and look at a very brief history of geometry and science. It is instructive to realize that modern science has its beginning with Galileo Galilei. He was the first to carry out systematic experiments and to use mathematics to describe his work. To Galileo, mathematics was geometry. Actually, at the time of Galileo, there were two distinct forms of mathematics available. Geometry, and the math derived from early Indian mathematicians known after its Arabic name given by the Persians as algebra. Algebra is a system of equations as you all remember from your school days. Rene Descartes combined these two systems thereby producing pictures of equations in what is today known as analytic geometry. As important to science as this was, it nevertheless fell short of being able to deal with non-linear equations. This problem was solved by Isaac Newton a century later. To make a long story short, for various reasons mathematics tended away from geometry until recently. Jules Henri Poincare is credited with reversing this trend with a system of visual mathematics known as topology or "rubber sheet geometry". It is upon this system that the mathematics of complexity lie. It is also in this system of mathematics that chaos theory demonstrates a higher order. Now, it is not in the scope of our enquiry to spend the necessary time to adequately review mathematics, but for those of you interested, the best history, description and application of historical mathematics as applied to modern science that this author is aware of is given by Fritjof Capra in his marvelous book, The Web of Life.
Here is the reason for our digression. It is geometry that makes sense out of our most contemporary theories in the physical sciences. From the Nobel prize winning work of Prigogine and his theory of dissipative structures to the latest theories proposing an all life connectedness, a network of life, a one ecology of life, the Gaia Hypothesis, or the metaphor used by Capra, the web of life; the intelligent self organizing nature of the planet--nature as alive. These new theories are gaining prominence chiefly on the back of mathematical models/geometry that illustrate order arising from chaos. Not just order, but a higher order. It would seem that not only does the law of conservation (nothing lost) apply to nature, but when order seems to break down, it's really reorganization destined for a higher order. An apparently self organizing reorganization that reveals itself as a geometric process.
Geometry as a Primordial Archetype
I return to my question, is it possible that geometry is the primordial archetype? Is its elegance and simplicity capable of ordering everything in the universe? Is it due to this ancient intuited knowledge, noetic wisdom, that so many hold geometry as sacred? Could it be that when we know the form we discover the function? Is geometry the language of creation? Certainly many can and have shown the geometric progression from singularity to space/time universe. Indeed, multi-dimensional theories currently so popular in physics, including the string theory, our most promising hope for providing a general unified theory, are strongest in their appeal when laid open by geometry.
In my opinion, geometry is a fundamental archetype. It is also more.
To that end, after showing many the effect of geometrical shapes naturally organizing and changing, of fractals collecting into a higher order, of shape and color generating what many have perceived as the matrix, cookie cutter if you will, of all that we know in our physical world and much of what we theorize about, it was decided to join geometry with our patented Whole Brain® InnerTalk® technology and create video tapes.
As with anything, as the new product evolved, it was tweaked. In the end, the geometry vibrates in permutation to an amazing dance of color. It is stillness in motion to watch. The rotating kaleidoscope of colors are used to hide positive messages. Sometimes you see them as the color changes, but unless you still frame your video they do not normally reveal their entire word content. So maybe one sees the word "good" but misses the "I am" content in the sentence--at least consciously. Of course, the research shows your subconscious doesn't miss it.
The soundtrack, music and nature sounds, also carries the positive messages. Additionally, we added tones and frequencies with a canceling beat differential to entrain the brain, slow down brain wave activity, and produce a natural deep state of relaxation or altered consciousness. The best part--they work. Our trial subjects, bankers, businessmen, dental patients, secretarial and clerical persons, truck drivers and so forth have all reported the same absolutely mesmerizing affect followed by a sense of personal empowerment.
Geometry For Health?
For me, this is a beginning. The use of geometry holds many possibilities. Some of these are not abstract mathematical methods for scientists. Deep down I sense that the visual stimuli may even hold a new path to wellness. Perhaps, I have theorized, if the geometry of a healthy organ were presented together with its sound, that somehow the body would imitate, mimic, vibrate or sympathetically resonate to this sound picture and thereby restore its own health. Somewhat analogous to tuning a piano, tuning the body and mind through the sound picture of organic geometry.
About the Author
Eldon Taylor, Ph.D. is director of Progressive Awareness
Research and the author of over 200 books and tapes. Visit
Self-focusing has been an area of active scientific investigation for nearly 50 years. This book presents a comprehensive treatment of this topic and reviews both theoretical and experimental investigations of self-focusing. This book should be of interest to scientists and engineers working with lasers and their applications. From a practical point of view, self-focusing effects impose a limit on the power that can be transmitted through a material medium. Self-focusing also can reduce the threshold for the occurrence of other nonlinear optical processes. Self-focusing often leads to damage in optical materials and is a limiting factor in the design of high-power laser systems. But it can be harnessed for the design of useful devices such as optical power limiters and switches. At a formal level, the equations for self-focusing are equivalent to those describing Bose-Einstein condensates and certain aspects of plasma physics and hydrodynamics. There is thus a unifying theme between nonlinear optics and these other disciplines.One of the goals of this book is to connect the extensive early literature on self-focusing, filament-ation, self-trapping, and collapse with more recent studies aimed at issues such as self-focusing of fs pulses, white light generation, and the generation of filaments in air with lengths of more than 10 km. It also describes some modern advances in self-focusing theory including the influence of beam nonparaxiality on self-focusing collapse. This book consists of 24 chapters. Among them are three reprinted key landmark articles published earlier. It also contains the first publication of the 1964 paper that describes the first laboratory observation of self-focusing phenomena with photographic evidence.
Are the words tweezing and waxing a regular part of your vocabulary? If so, you are likely one of the millions of people out there who struggle with unwanted hair. The removal of hair as a cosmetic enhancement or purely as a matter of hygiene has been a battle fought by many for centuries. The available methods have for many decades been simple, but only temporary. Shaving, tweezing, and waxing certainly get the job done, but there has long been a need for a more effective and more permanent method of achieving the desired result.
For quite some time, electrolysis has been the best answer to the fight against unwanted hair. Electrolysis involves the use of electrical currents to damage and diminish hair growth. It provides momentary relief from undesired hair, and can, in time, diminish or thin recurring growth. As a result, electrolysis is for many a lifelong pursuit that often does not meet the clients expectations. It can be quite an uncomfortable process as well.
Nearly ten years ago, however, technology began to meet consumer demand when laser hair removal was born. A laser is a very pure and very specific form of light energy. A byproduct of light is heat, which made the laser an ideal tool for the pursuit of permanent hair removal. Laser energy can be applied in a specific way in order to heat and thus damage hair follicles and their surrounding support structures. Once the follicle is heavily damaged or destroyed, it no longer has the ability to grow hair.
This concept became a reality with the advent of a new breed of ruby lasers. Ruby lasers produce a very precise red light output that is ideal for hair removal. It is ideal because red light is drawn to the dark coloration of a hair follicle as a result of a principal known as selective absorption. This is the same phenomenon that may cause you to be warmer on a hot summer day if you wear a dark colored shirt rather than a light colored shirt. Dark colors absorb light and, consequently, heat while light colors typically deflect light energy.
The development of a ruby laser with specifications needed to produce an effective removal of unwanted hair without resulting in side effects or incredible discomfort worked relatively well in the infancy of these technologies, but they clearly proved to provide an optimal result if you had dark hair and light skin. The reason for this was selective absorption. The ruby laser red light was attracted to the dark color of the hair follicle. If a client had tanned or darker skin or light colored hair, the quality of the end result of the treatment was greatly diminished. Dark skin absorbed the energy, which prevented the energy to reach the desired target. Heating the melanin in the skin with a laser like this also led to hypo pigmentation and hyperpigmentation, which is the darkening or lightening of the skin.
A tool that could provide predictable and consistent hair removal for those with fair skin and dark hair was a great thing, but this likely represented the minority of the potential buying public tat could benefit from this service. The next advancement in laser hair removal came in the form of an alexandrite laser. An alexandrite laser is another red light laser, but it was a bit more efficient. Laser engineers and technicians then learned about the benefits of cooling the skin during and after treatments to minimize the discomfort of the patient, as well as the ability to stretch out the length of time for which each laser impulse was delivered in order to avoid potential heat related side effects.
During the late 1990s, many laser engineering groups began to turn their focus to new laser frequencies, or colors of light, in order to further improve the efficiencies or laser hair removal treatments. This led to the use of infra-red light frequencies, or those that are not visible to the naked eye. This meant that the laser light was no longer seeking out specific colors to target when applied to the body, but they were designed to penetrate the skin and to deliver energy that would create the changes and reduce the occurrence of potential side effects such as burning or blistering.
These lasers include nd:YAG lasers and diode lasers. These modalities are among the most popular in use today, and appear to likely be the mainstay in laser hair removal for the foreseeable future.
About the Author
Jason Begley has been a contributed to the medical spa industry for more than 15 years. Jason Begley is also one of the founders of the nations premier esthetician schools as well as the internets top cosmetic dentist directory.
Description:This 6 Pin PCI to 4 Pin Cable is for the few non-standard ATX power supplies that are equipped with the PCI Express 6-Pin auxiliary power connector.It is used in conjunction with PCI Express graphics cards.It allows two standard 4 pin molex plugs to connect into the 6 pin power socket on a PCI-E graphics card.Two standard 4-Pin power connectors of the Power Adapter Cable can be converted to one 6-Pin auxiliary power connector.The 6 Pin to Two 4 Pin Power Cable is designed with high performance. Length of the 6 Pin to 4 Pin Adapter Cable: 15.3cm .Approx.Color: As picture shows.Weight:12g.
" This kit is required when installing LED. lights as turn signals on a motorcycle with a single turn signal indicator light If this diode kit is not installed, power will back feed across the indicator light and all turn signals will ff"
The Eminence PSD:3006 is a replacement high frequency compression driver with a 2" throat. It features a titanium diaphragm with a geodesic design, has a power rating of 80W and will handle an 8 ohm load.2" throat Titanium diaphragm 80W power handling 8 ohms
A son of a Cannonball Run participant describes his own entry into the world of semi-legal and illegal underground races, a lifestyle marked by high-stakes competitions and the anonymous machinations of a mysterious organizer known only as "The Driver."
The Driver Art Print by Ethan Harper. Product size approximately 9.5 x 13 inches. Available at Art.com. Embrace your Space - your source for high quality fine art posters and prints.
Walter Hill's stripped down neo-noir features a protagonist who makes the laconic boxer of the director's similar Hard Times (1974) seem logorrheic by comparison. The film's tone is set in the opening scene as the Driver (Ryan O'Neal) gloms a V-8 sedan and proceeds to whip through claustrophobic parking garages, narrow alleyways, and sundry other high-risk macadam, as he demonstrates why he's known as the best getaway driver in the business to some potential clients, before giving his vehicle a proper burial. Such plot as there is in this highly abstract film concerns the Driver's cat and mouse game with the Detective (Bruce Dern), an employee of the constabulary of an unnamed city, intent on his arrest. A mysterious and beautiful woman, the Player (Isabelle Adjani), soon appears on the Driver's radar, a perfect match for his taciturnity. ~ Michael Costello, Rovi
Walter Hill's stripped down neo-noir features a protagonist who makes the laconic boxer of the director's similar Hard Times (1974) seem logorrheic by comparison. The film's tone is set in the opening scene as the Driver (Ryan O'Neal) gloms a V-8 sedan and proceeds to whip through claustrophobic parking garages, narrow alleyways, and sundry other high-risk macadam, as he demonstrates why he's known as the best getaway driver in the business to some potential clients, before giving his vehicle a proper burial. Such plot as there is in this highly abstract film concerns the Driver's cat and mouse game with the Detective (Bruce Dern), an employee of the constabulary of an unnamed city, intent on his arrest. A mysterious and beautiful woman, the Player (Isabelle Adjani), soon appears on the Driver's radar, a perfect match for his taciturnity. ~ Michael Costello, Rovi
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Steps to repair IBM 92P1160 ac adapter
My wife's IBM Notebook uses a power adapter that has an output voltage of 16V at 4.5A current. One day the adapter stopped working.
I Decided to try to repair the adapter. In the past I repaired several switching power supplies of PCs and also one AC-power adapter of a Asus notebook. I found out that most of the supplies had similar defects. Often they are ease to locate and to repair.
This Instructable shows how to repair a IBM Notebook AC-Adapter but using the same principles it can work with any switching power supply.
1?Things needed AND SAFETY
First of all you need the defective power supply, Then you need a screw driver. It could be phillips type or a flat blade type, depending on the power supply.In case of the IBM Notebook adapter you need a Dremel tool and a cutting disc too.To find out the dead parts you need a multimeter that contain...
2?Opening the case
The IBM Notebook AC Adapter (IBM 92P1160 ac adapter) is not meant to be opened. The case is made of two plastic frames pressed together and melted at the contact to one piece. To take it apart you need to cut the two halfes using a Dremel tool and a cutting disc. WAIT SOME MINUTES AFTER PULLING THE POWER CHORD FOR THE CAPACITORS...
3?Examining and understanding
Start locating the parts of the power supply. We concentrate only on a few parts. I often found out that these are the most critical parts. Most swicth mode power supplies die when being switched on. At that moment a high current flows on the primary power side. You can see that if you plug in th...
4?The Fuse
Start with the fuse. Turn you multimeter to diode test (continuity test) and put the test cables on both ends of the fuse. The multimeter should "beep" and show a very low voltage (IBM 92P1160 ac adapter). If that is the case the fuse is ok and need not be replaced. Otherwise you have to desolder the...
5?The Rectifier
Next part in the chain is the rectifier. In nearly all cases I saw til today there is a full bridge rectifier used. Here it is a flat one located near the power connector. Again use the diode test for measurement. From underneath the printed circuit board you can reach the rectifiers contacts ea...
6?The Capacitor
Now use our Multimeter in diode mode to find out if the capacitor works. Place the measuring pins on the pins of the capacitor and look at the display while doing that. As soon as you place the pins the display shows 0V. Then the voltage in the display starts growing and the display shows infini...
7?Repairing
After we found out what went wrong we can repair the power supply. If the capacitor is broken, desolder and replace it. I tried to find out if this was the only defect part and decided to do further testing before trying to buy a replacement. I did not have the capacitor that was used in the pow.
Replacement Diode Bulbs Need to replace infrared diode on my DVD remote control. How can I tell what type of bulb is needed?
It is on a Panasonice DVD Rempote COntrol EUR7729KK0 for a Panasonic DMRES20D DVD Recorder. I have looked on Maplin and there are all sorts of replacement diodes / bulbs so I am a bit lost as to knowing which one I need
Depends on how you want to get things working.
The entire remote is avilable for puchase:
http://shop.panasonic.co.uk/invt/eur7729kk0
To replace the LED itself:
The ones listed at Maplin are very similar.
Choose GaAs Infrared Emitting Diode that has the same package size (physical dimensions of the clear lens). So you need to measure the diode you have in the remote control. The lens diameter is important because the light has to be focused to a beam that works across the room to the receiver.
Diodes (and LED's) are polarized semiconductors.
(Not like light bulbs with wire filament that work regardless of which terminal the positive and negative are connected.)
LED's will work only if the Voltage polarity is correct (positive goes to anode, negative goes to cathode). The IR LED has two electrodes visible in the plastic. They are shaped differently because one is the anode (Positive: tiny gold wire), and the cathode (Negative: Larger Cup shape holds the LED chip).
You will need to de-solder the old and solder in the new, with a mini soldering iron 25 watts, and fine diameter solder wire.
LED's are heat sensitive, so minimize the solder time (like less than 10 seconds if possible, per connection) for the new component.
The approximate time for replacement is 30-60 minutes.
Street FX 1156 LED Replacement Bulbs Each bulb contains 15 ultra-bright LED's Much less power draw than standard incandescent bulbs Sold as a single Universal design Red replaces 1156 brake light White replaces 1156 running light
Street FX 1157 LED Replacement Bulbs Each bulb contains 15 ultra-bright LED's Much less power draw than standard incandescent bulbs Universal design Red replaces 1157 brake light and/or running light (single) White replaces 1157 running light and/or turn signal (2 pack)
Energy-Sipping GE LED Lamps Installed at 150 Red Robin® Restaurants
Why the Philips Light Bulbs Gets Massive Response From People
Philips the brand name, any blind person even suggests you to buy Philip light bulb. Philips has grown its market all over the world. There are tremendous customers who prefer to purchase Philips light bulb only. Philips which stands for quality and integrity. Philips has now dominated the market in every field of electronic. Philips Company founded in1981 by Gerard Philips. He is maternal cousin of Karl Marks, in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Light bulb is the first product Philips, and after that Philips went on growing its market in electronic market. Philips light bulb gets a massive response from people. Light bulb which gives light becomes very important in life. Everybody moves toward Philips as the light of day. Amsterdam can be considered a return to the company roots; He made many experiments on making idea of making idea of mass production of light bulbs there. Philips $9 billion lighting division is suddenly on a tear.
There are different kinds of bulb in Philips, one can even order online from Philips sites. There are Incandescent Bulbs, Halogen Bulbs, Compact Fluorescent Bulbs, Fluorescent Bulbs, HID Bulbs, and Specialty Bulbs. Let’s explore on the Incandescent bulb which waste their energy in heat. It is possible to made alternatives from light emitting diodes burn cooler. It produce same amount of illumination while using on an average 40% less electricity. Philips bulb stepped out its vaunted research labs. Now went on buying binge. Philips is going on snapping five companies from the lighting sectors.
Philips this year will definitely provide the light for the annual New Years Eve times Square Ball in New York. The ball will be fitted with above 9500 LEDs as an alternative to incandescent and halogen bulbs. It burn twice as brightly and it can create a palette of 16 million colors. It depends on the color up to 98% more energy efficient than the bulbs they used to replace. Philips used to also supplied the 50 giant LED snowflakes, it makes used to decorate the front of the flagship Sacks Fifth Avenue store in New York. There are 40,000 plus LED which takes much energy as three toaster ovens. It is possible that LED works for more than 11 years, if it is burned for more than 12 hours per day. Philips comes with saving energy bulbs which really helps in keeping Philips light bulb in market. There are millions of consumers of Philips bulbs. If anybody asks for bulb first choice is Philips. Philips has made its appearance in every corner of market.
Philips light bulbs are highly purchase across the world. Some product description is as follows, Energy Used 32 W, Volts not specified, Type- PL-T, Base GX24q-3, CRI 82, Length 5-5/8”. Diameter not specified, Light Output 2040 lumens, Average Lifetime 12,000 hours, Color 3500K, Color not specified, Filament not specified, Number in Case 12 units. It cost per unit $11.49. Philips Light bulb didn’t go too early. Light makes glows all over the room and it gives brightness.
About the Author
Muna wa Wanjiru Has Been Researching and Reporting on Light Bulbs for Years. For More Information on Philips light bulbs, Visit His Site at PHILIPS LIGHT BULBS
Diode Radio crystal radios have diode do all radios have diodes?
if so why do they have diodes what are they used for
I agree with mister; just about every circuit diagram I've ever seen for a radio includes diodes. Certainly a radio running off mains supply needs a rectifier to supply low voltage DC power to its circuits. The purpose of the diode in a crystal set is to demodulate the radio signal it picks up, that is to turn the radio frequency signal into an audio frequency signal you can hear. This is one of the stages in processing the signal in a modern radio receiver, before it is amplified. The circuitry is different, but it still uses diodes, among other components.
Safe solderless educational and fun. Easytoread instructions included. Crystal diode converts RF to audio. Tune in your favorite AM radio stations. Learn how radios work. Includes earphone. For ages 10 and up.
The 1998 record Diode City, the third for Japanese rockers Supersnazz, presents a change for the band. Not only is the once all-girl group now a girl group with male drummer -- Shoe, who formerly did drumming duties for Teengenerate has replaced Skinny Mi
Kids can build a working crystal radio that will pick up radio stations with this activities kit. This crystal radio kit allows children to experiment with radio waves while learning chemistry basics.Kit containsOne diodeOne baseFour rubber bandsOne tuning rodTwo connecting wiresOne coil wireOne sand paperThree nutsOne earphoneThree boltsFour washersOne coil tubeOne tuning ball and one instruction manualNo batteries requiredMeets or exceeds ASTM F 963Dimensions: 9.1 inches high x 7 inches wide x 2.35 deepAge recommendation: 8 years and upModel: 2012
